Bhagat Singh (Arun.Noutiyal writter )
Early life
Bhagat Singh, a Sandhu Jat, was born in 1907 to Kishan Singh and Vidyavati at Chak No. 105 GB, Banga village, Jaranwala Tehsil in the Lyallpur district of the Punjab Province of British India. His birth coincided with the release of his father and two uncles, Ajit Singh and Swaran Singh, from jail. His family members were Sikhs; some had been active in Indian Independence movements, others had served in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army. His ancestral village was Khatkar Kalan, near the town of Banga, India in Nawanshahr district (now rename
d Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar) of the Punjab.
His family was politically active.His grandfather, Arjun Singh followed Swami Dayananda Saraswati's Hindu reformist movement, Arya Samaj, which had a considerable influence on Bhagat. His father and uncles were members of the Ghadar Party, led by Kartar Singh Sarabha and Har Dayal. Ajit Singh was forced into exile due to pending court cases against him while Swaran Singh died at home in Lahore in 1910 following his release from jail.
Unlike many Sikhs of his age, Singh did not attend the Khalsa High School in Lahore. His grandfather did not approve of the school officials' loyalty to the British government.[ He was enrolled instead in the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic High School, an Arya Samaji institution.
In 1919, when he was 12 years old, Singh visited the site of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre hours after thousands of unarmed people gathered at a public meeting had been killedWhen he was 14 years old, he was among those in his village who welcomed protesters against the killing of a large number of unarmed people at Gurudwara Nankana Sahib on 20 February 1921. Singh became disillusioned with Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of non-violence after he called off the non-co-operation movement. Gandhi's decision followed the violent murders of policemen by villagers who were reacting to the police killing three villagers in the 1922 Chauri Chaura incident. Singh joined the Young Revolutionary Movement and began to advocate for the violent overthrow of the British Government in India .biographyofknowledge.blogsdpot.com
In 1923, Singh joined the National College in Lahore, where he also participated in extra-curricular activities like the dramatics society. In 1923, he won an essay competition set by the Punjab Hindi Sahitya Sammelan, writing on the problems in the Punjab.[11] Inspired by the Young Italy movement of Giuseppe Mazzini,[7] he founded the Indian socialist youth organisation Naujawan Bharat Sabha in March 1926.He also joined the Hindustan Republican Association, which had prominent leaders, such as Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil and Shahid Ashfaqallah Khan. A year later, to avoid an arranged marriage, Singh ran away to Cawnpore In a letter he left behind, he said:
.biographyofknowledge.blogsdpot.com
Unlike many Sikhs of his age, Singh did not attend the Khalsa High School in Lahore. His grandfather did not approve of the school officials' loyalty to the British government.[ He was enrolled instead in the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic High School, an Arya Samaji institution.
Revolutionary activities
In 1928, the British government set up the Simon Commission to report on the political situation in India. Some Indian political parties boycotted the Commission because there were no Indians in its membership,Opposition in India to the Simon Commission was not universal. For example, the Central Sikh League, some Hindu politicians, and some members of the Muslim League agreed to co-operate[22] and there were protests across the country. When the Commission visited Lahore on 30 October 1928, Lala Lajpat Rai led a march in protest against it. Police attempts to disperse the large crowd resulted in violence. The superintendent of police, James A. Scott, ordered the police to lathi charge (use batons against) the protesters and personally assaulted Rai, who was injured. Rai died of a heart attack on 17 November 1928. Doctors thought that his death might have been hastened by the injuries he had received. When the matter was raised in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the British Government denied any role in Rai's death.
Bhagat was a prominent member of the HRA and was probably responsible, in large part, for its change of name to HSRA in 1928. The HSRA vowed to avenge Rai's death.Singh conspired with revolutionaries like Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar, and Chandrashekhar Azad to kill Scott.However, in a case of mistaken identity, the plotters shot John P. Saunders, an Assistant Superintendent of Police, as he was leaving the District Police Headquarters in Lahore on 17 December 1928.c
After killing Saunders, the group escaped through the D.A.V. College entrance, across the road from the District Police Headquarters. Chanan Singh, a Head Constable who was chasing them, was fatally injured by Chandrashekhar Azad's covering fire. They then fled on bicycles to pre-arranged safe houses. The police launched a massive search operation to catch them, blocking all entrances and exits to and from the city; the CID kept a watch on all young men leaving Lahore. The fugitives hid for the next two days. On 19 December 1928, Sukhdev called on Durgawati Devi, sometimes known as Durga Bhabhi, wife of another HSRA member, Bhagwati Charan Vohra, for help, which she agreed to provide. They decided to catch the train departing from Lahore to Bathinda en route to Howrah (Calcutta) early the next morning.
1929 Assembly incident
On April 8, 1929, the British government was passing in the Bill Assembly which was against the poor farmers. In which the poor farmers were able to read too much. This thing was not liked by Bhagat Singh and his friends, so Bhagat Singh and his companion Batukeshwar Dutt can Threw the bombs on aseembly hall. And they were shouting Inqualab Zindabad.
Capture
In 1929, the HSRA had set up bomb factories in Lahore and Saharanpur. On 15 April 1929, the Lahore bomb factory was discovered by the police, leading to the arrest of other members of HSRA, including Sukhdev, Kishori Lal, and Jai Gopal. Not long after this, the Saharanpur factory was also raided and some of the conspirators became informants. With the new information available, the police were able to connect the three strands of the Saunders murder, Assembly bombing, and bomb manufacture. Singh, Sukhdev, Rajguru, and 21 others were charged with the Saunders murder.
Reactions to the executions
In the leaflet he threw in the Central Assembly on 9 April 1929, he stated: "It is easy to kill individuals but you cannot kill the ideas. Great empires crumbled, while the ideas survived.While in prison, Singh and two others had written a letter to Lord Irwin, wherein they asked to be treated as prisoners of war and consequently to be executed by firing squad and not by hanging.Prannath Mehta, Singh's friend, visited him in the jail on 20 March, four days before his execution, with a draft letter for clemency, but he declined to sign it.
Facts and Information about Shaheed Bhagat Singh
| Born | 09/07 |
| Religion | Sikh |
| Place of Birth | Banga, Jaranwala Tehsil, Lyallpur district, Punjab, British India |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Died | 23 March 1931 (aged 23), Lahore, Punjab, British India |
| Education | He studied at the National College in Lahore where he came into contact with other revolutionaries such as Bhagwati Charan, |
| Profession before joining politics | European revolutionary movements and was attracted to anarchist and Marxist ideologies. |
| Associated with | Hindustan Socialist Republican Association |
| Political Career | Naujawan Bharat Sabha, Kirti Kisan Party, |
| Publications and Writings | He wrote for and edited Urdu and Punjabi newspapers, published from Amritsar, as well as contributing to low-priced pamphlets published by the Naujawan Bharat Sabha that excoriated the British. He also wrote briefly for the Veer Arjun newspaper, published in Delhi, and for Kirti, the journal of the Kirti Kisan Party (“Workers and Peasants Party”). He often used pseudonyms, including names such as Balwant, Ranjit and Vidhrohi. |
Death
Bhagat Singh threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly on 8 April 1929 and thereafter courted arrest. Bhagat Singh, Sukh Dev and Raj Guru were awarded death sentence by a court for their subversive activities. They were hanged on 23 March 1931. Bhagat Singh is still seen as the role model by a large number of young people in India. His sense of sacrifice, patriotism and courage are something that will be revered and looked upon by generations to come.
favorite song
सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है ज़ोर कितना बाज़ु-ए-कातिल में है?
वक्त आने दे बता देंगे तुझे ऐ आस्माँ!हम अभी से क्या बतायें क्या हमारे दिल में है?
एक से करता नहीं क्यों दूसरा कुछ बातचीत,देखता हूँ मैं जिसे वो चुप तेरी महफ़िल में है।
रहबरे-राहे-मुहब्बत! रह न जाना राह में, लज्जते-सेहरा-नवर्दी दूरि-ए-मंजिल में है।
अब न अगले वल्वले हैं और न अरमानों की भीड़,एक मिट जाने की हसरत अब दिले-'बिस्मिल' में है ।
ए शहीद-ए-मुल्को-मिल्लत मैं तेरे ऊपर निसार, अब तेरी हिम्मत का चर्चा गैर की महफ़िल में है।
खींच कर लायी है सब को कत्ल होने की उम्मीद, आशिकों का आज जमघट कूच-ए-कातिल में है।
सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है ज़ोर कितना बाज़ु-ए-कातिल में है?
है लिये हथियार दुश्मन ताक में बैठा उधर, और हम तैय्यार हैं सीना लिये अपना इधर।
खून से खेलेंगे होली गर वतन मुश्किल में है, सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है।
हाथ जिनमें हो जुनूँ , कटते नही तलवार से, सर जो उठ जाते हैं वो झुकते नहीं ललकार से,
और भड़केगा जो शोला-सा हमारे दिल में है , सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है।
हम तो निकले ही थे घर से बाँधकर सर पे कफ़न,जाँ हथेली पर लिये लो बढ चले हैं ये कदम।
जिन्दगी तो अपनी महमाँ मौत की महफ़िल में है, सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है।
यूँ खड़ा मकतल में कातिल कह रहा है बार-बार, "क्या तमन्ना-ए-शहादत भी किसी के दिल में है?"
सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है ज़ोर कितना बाज़ु-ए-कातिल में है?
दिल में तूफ़ानों की टोली और नसों में इन्कलाब, होश दुश्मन के उड़ा देंगे हमें रोको न आज।
दूर रह पाये जो हमसे दम कहाँ मंज़िल में है ! सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है ।
जिस्म वो क्या जिस्म है जिसमें न हो खूने-जुनूँ, क्या वो तूफाँ से लड़े जो कश्ती-ए-साहिल में है।
सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है । देखना है ज़ोर कितना बाज़ु-ए-कातिल में है ??
वक्त आने दे बता देंगे तुझे ऐ आस्माँ!हम अभी से क्या बतायें क्या हमारे दिल में है?
एक से करता नहीं क्यों दूसरा कुछ बातचीत,देखता हूँ मैं जिसे वो चुप तेरी महफ़िल में है।
रहबरे-राहे-मुहब्बत! रह न जाना राह में, लज्जते-सेहरा-नवर्दी दूरि-ए-मंजिल में है।
अब न अगले वल्वले हैं और न अरमानों की भीड़,एक मिट जाने की हसरत अब दिले-'बिस्मिल' में है ।
ए शहीद-ए-मुल्को-मिल्लत मैं तेरे ऊपर निसार, अब तेरी हिम्मत का चर्चा गैर की महफ़िल में है।
खींच कर लायी है सब को कत्ल होने की उम्मीद, आशिकों का आज जमघट कूच-ए-कातिल में है।
सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है ज़ोर कितना बाज़ु-ए-कातिल में है?
है लिये हथियार दुश्मन ताक में बैठा उधर, और हम तैय्यार हैं सीना लिये अपना इधर।
खून से खेलेंगे होली गर वतन मुश्किल में है, सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है।
हाथ जिनमें हो जुनूँ , कटते नही तलवार से, सर जो उठ जाते हैं वो झुकते नहीं ललकार से,
और भड़केगा जो शोला-सा हमारे दिल में है , सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है।
हम तो निकले ही थे घर से बाँधकर सर पे कफ़न,जाँ हथेली पर लिये लो बढ चले हैं ये कदम।
जिन्दगी तो अपनी महमाँ मौत की महफ़िल में है, सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है।
यूँ खड़ा मकतल में कातिल कह रहा है बार-बार, "क्या तमन्ना-ए-शहादत भी किसी के दिल में है?"
सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है ज़ोर कितना बाज़ु-ए-कातिल में है?
दिल में तूफ़ानों की टोली और नसों में इन्कलाब, होश दुश्मन के उड़ा देंगे हमें रोको न आज।
दूर रह पाये जो हमसे दम कहाँ मंज़िल में है ! सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है ।
जिस्म वो क्या जिस्म है जिसमें न हो खूने-जुनूँ, क्या वो तूफाँ से लड़े जो कश्ती-ए-साहिल में है।
सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है । देखना है ज़ोर कितना बाज़ु-ए-कातिल में है ??
contributed by
Arun Noutiyal
Very very nice Article
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ReplyDeletewow awesome
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